Aplikasi al-wakalah terhadap sistem perniagaan francais di Malaysia

Al-wakalah application to franchise business systems in Malaysia

Abstract

Sistem francais merupakan medium utama melibatkan keizinan mendapatkan hak francais daripada pemberi francais kepada penerima francais mengikut Akta Francais 1998 (Pindaan) 2012. Ia didirikan dalam tempoh waktu dibenarkan berdasarkan jenis produk yang dipasarkan. Makanala al-wakalah adalah prinsip dalam muamalat Islam demgan meletakkan kerjasama untuk saling memerlukan di kalangan seluruh pihak yang berkenaan dalam satu majlis perjanjian. Objektif kajian ini meneroka keupayaan tindakan pihak terbabit dalam perniagaan francais di Malaysia berdasarkan kepada ketepatan prinsip al-wakalah. Oleh itu, kajian ini mengaplikasikan metadologi kualitatif untuk mencapai objektif kajian menerusi kaedah perpustakaan berdasarkan bahan rujukan seperti tesis, jurnal dan buku. Selain itu, sesi temubual turut dilakukan bersama pihak berkepentingan dalam perniagaan francais sama ada pengusaha francais dan organisasi sokongan berkaitan. Hasil kajian mendapati prinsip al-wakalah diterapkan dalam menjayakan perniagaan francais terutama kepada aspek pendaftaran, pemasaran produk dan publisiti. Kajian ini mencadangkan prinsip al-wakalah dihayati dengan tekun dalam sistem francais melibatkan perkara yang diharuskan dan ditegah oleh syarak dalam memastikan sistem terbabit dapat berkembang dengan pesat mengikut matlamat yang disasarkan bersama.

The franchise system is a key medium involved in obtaining franchise rights from franchisors to franchisees under the Franchise Act 1998 (Amendment) 2012. It is set up within the allowed time frame based on the type of product being marketed. Whereas al-wakalah is a principle in the Islamic muamalat practice by establishing cooperation among all relevant parties in an agreement. The objective of this study is to explore the capabilities and the actions of the parties involved in the franchise business in Malaysia based on the accuracy of al-wakalah principles. Therefore, this study applied a qualitative methodology to achieve the research objectives using library research methods; by reviewing related reference materials such as theses, journals and books. In addition, interviews were held with stakeholders in the franchise business such as the franchisee and related support organizations. The results show that al-wakalah principles were applied in the success of the franchise business especially in terms of registration, product marketing and publicity. This study suggests that the principle of alwakalah is deeply embedded in the franchise system especially involving the things that are permitted and forbidden in Islamic law in ensuring that the system is able to grow rapidly in line with its shared goals.