Pengaruh kewajipan agama dan literasi zakat terhadap gelagat pembayaran zakat simpanan secara terus melalui perbankan Islam
The influence of religious obligation and zakat literacy on the behavioral intention to pay zakat savings directly through Islamic banking
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/jmifr.v19i2.468Keywords:
Pendeposit Islam, perbankan Islam, Teori Gelagat Terancang, Teori Gelagat Pengguna Islam, MalaysiaAbstract
Pendeposit beragama Islam yang mempunyai simpanan di perbankan Islam wajib menunaikan zakat simpanan apabila telah cukup syarat tertentu. Bagi menggalakkan pendeposit menunaikan zakat simpanan, institusi perbankan Islam selaku ejen pungutan zakat simpanan bertauliah menyediakan kemudahan pembayaran zakat simpanan secara terus kepada pelanggan. Sehingga kini hanya terdapat dua buah bank Islam yang menawarkan kemudahan seumpama ini di Malaysia sekaligus berkemungkinan menggambarkan tahap kesedaran yang masih rendah. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi niat gelagat individu Islam untuk membayar zakat simpanan secara terus melalui bank. Kerangka kajian adalah berasaskan gabungan Teori Gelagat Terancang dan Teori Gelagat Pengguna Islam serta sekaligus memperkenalkan dua pemboleh ubah baharu, iaitu Kewajipan Agama dan mediator Literasi Zakat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen soal selidik dalam talian yang melibatkan responden dalam kalangan individu pendeposit beragama Islam di sekitar Selangor, Putrajaya dan Kuala Lumpur. Penganggaran berdasarkan pemodelan persamaan struktur-kuasa dua terkecil separa (PLS-SEM). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa Sikap, Kewajipan Agama dan Kawalan Gelagat Ditanggap melalui kesan mediator Literasi Zakat adalah mempengaruhi niat gelagat menunaikan zakat simpanan secara langsung melalui bank Islam. Namun bagi Norma Subjektif pula menunjukkan ia tidak mempengaruhi Niat Gelagat Pembayaran Zakat Simpanan melalui Bank. Berdasarkan dapatan kajian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa pemboleh ubah baharu yang diperkenalkan iaitu Kewajipan Agama dan mediator Literasi Zakat dapat mempengaruhi kesediaan pendeposit Islam untuk menggunakan kemudahan pembayaran zakat simpanan secara langsung melalui bank. Justeru, adalah disarankan supaya institusi perbankan Islam yang masih belum menawarkan perkhidmatan ini kepada pelanggan masing-masing untuk berbuat demikian.
Muslim depositor with savings in Islamic banking must pay zakat on savings when certain conditions are met. As accredited savings zakat collection agents, Islamic banking institutions provide savings zakat payment facilities directly to customers to encourage depositors to pay their savings zakat. Currently, there are only two Islamic banks with such facilities in Malaysia, which may reflect the level of awareness on this matter. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors influencing the behavioural intentions of Muslim individuals in paying zakat on savings directly through the bank. The framework of the study is based on a combination of the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Theory of Islamic Consumer Behaviour. The framework of this study simultaneously introduces two new variables, namely Religious Obligation and Zakat Literacy mediator. Data collection used an online questionnaire instrument involving respondents among individual Muslim depositors in Selangor, Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur. Estimation is based on partial least squares structure-equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings of the study show that Attitude, Religious Obligation and Perceived Behaviour Control through the mediator with the effect of Zakat Literacy influence behavioral intention to pay zakat savings directly through Islamic banks. However, for the Subjective Norm, it shows that it does not affect the Behavioral Intention to Pay zakat on savings through the Bank. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the new variables introduced, which are Religious Obligation and Zakat Literacy mediator, can influence the willingness of Islamic depositors to use the facility of payment of zakat savings directly through banks. Therefore, it is recommended that Islamic banking institutions that have yet to offer the service to their customers to start doing so.
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