Pemerkasaan operasi kutipan zakat melalui inovasi pembayaran zakat secara khultah, pembayaran zakat menggunakan barang dagangan dan zakat ke atas instrumen kewangan jangka panjang dan sukuk berasaskan hutang
Empowerment of zakat collection operations through innovation of zakat payment using khultah method, payment of zakat using merchandise and goods, and zakat on long term financial instruments and debt-based sukuk
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/jmifr.v19i1.420Keywords:
Zakat, Khultah, barang perniagaan, asnaf, hutang jangka panjangAbstract
Zakat adalah satu instrumen yang sangat penting dalam pembangunan sosio ekonomi umat Islam, lantaran peranannya dalam pembangunan dan penjagaan kebajikan golongan yang kurang berkemampuan, dan pengagihan lebihan harta oleh golongan kaya. Zakat juga berfungsi sebagai pembersih hati dari sifat tamak, kedekut dan cintakan dunia secara berlebihan. Antara aspek penting zakat ialah soal kutipan yang mana Islam telah menggariskan golongan tertentu yang dikenakan zakat dan jenis-jenis harta yang dikenakan zakat. Aspek ini sangat penting diperkasakan kerana keperluan para asnaf yang semakin meningkat, kehidupan manusia yang semakin berkembang, perkembangan sistem ekonomi yang semakin kompleks menyebabkan metod dan jumlah kutipan zakat sedia ada sudah tidak lagi dapat menampung jumlah keperluan sedia ada, dan ianya memerlukan anjakan paradigm yang baru, baik dari segi cara pengiraan, jenis-jenis aset, cakupan jenis-jenis golongan pembayar dan sebagainya. Kajian adalah kajian perpustakaan sepenuhnya iaitu dengan menganalisis pendapat-pendapat para ulama silam dan ulama semasa, dan disesuaikan dengan maklumat perkembangan terkini berkaitan pembayaran zakat. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa antara pendekatan dan kaedah yang boleh digunakan dalam meningkatkan hasil zakat antaranya ialah dengan menggunakan konsep pengiraan zakat secara khultah atau kolektif, pembayaran zakat menggunakan barang jualan sendiri, dan pembayaran zakat ke atas instrumen jangka panjang.
Zakat is a very important instrument in the socio-economic development of Muslim society, and it plays a key role in developing the capacity of the less fortunate, by distribution of surplus property from the rich to the poor. Zakat also serves as a purifier of the heart from the nature of greed, stinginess and excessive love toward the world. Among the important aspects of zakat is the area of collection which Islam has outlined certain groups that are subject to zakat and the types of property that are subject to zakat. This aspect is very important to be strengthened since the needs of the asnaf are increasing, human needs are also growing, the development of the increasingly complex economic system has caused the existing method and amount of zakat collection can no longer meet the existing needs, and it requires a new paradigm shift, in terms of method of calculation, types of assets, coverage of types of payers, system and others. The study is a complete library-based study by analyzing the opinions of past and present Shariah scholars and adapted to the latest development related to the payment of zakat. The results of the study found that among the ways that can be used to increase the current zakat revenue are using the new concept of calculating zakat such as a calculation based on khultah or collective based collection, payment of zakat using good and stock, and payment of zakat on long-term debt-based instruments.
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