Peranan pemegang taruh dalam menjaga kebajikan ekonomi rakyat semasa pandemik COVID-19 dari perspektif ekonomi Islam
The role of stakeholders in safeguarding people’s economic welfare during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of Islamic economy
Total Views: 17178
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/jmifr.v17i3.285Keywords:
COVID-19, Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP), kebajikan, ekonomi rakyat, ekonomi IslamAbstract
Dalam usaha membendung penularan COVID-19, kerajaan Malaysia telah menguatkuasakan Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP) kepada semua masyarakat. Memandangkan penguatkuasaan PKP ini mengambil masa hampir enam bulan, maka kajian ini membincangkan kesannya terhadap ekonomi rakyat. Dalam menangani kesan tersebut, pelbagai pihak yang merupakan pemegang taruh di Malaysia seperti kerajaan (termasuk kerajaan negeri), syarikat korporat, Pertubuhan Bukan Kerajaan (NGO), dan individu telah tampil dalam menghulurkan bantuan dan sumbangan yang menjadi fokus perbincangan dalam kajian ini. Kajian ini memilih beberapa institusi dan individu sebagai contoh dalam menonjolkan peranan mereka. Pemilihan ini dibuat kerana terdapat akses yang telus mengenai mereka berdasarkan carian di internet. Kajian ini dapat menyimpulkan bahawa semua pemegang taruh di Malaysia yang terlibat sama-sama berganding bahu dalam menghulurkan bantuan dan sumbangan kepada mereka yang terjejas dalam tempoh PKP akibat penularan COVID-19.
In order to curb the spread of COVID-19, the Malaysian government has enforced the Movement Control Order (MCO) to all people. Since the MCO’s enforcement took nearly six months, this study discusses its impact on the people’s economy. In addressing these effects, various stakeholders in Malaysia such as government (including the state government), corporate companies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and individuals have come forward in offering assistance and contributions which become the focus of discussions in this study. This study selected several institutions and individuals as an example in highlighting their roles. The selection is made since there is a transparent access about them based on the search on the internet. This study concluded that all stakeholders in Malaysia were involved in providing the assistance and contributions to those who are affected during the MCO period resulted from the spread of COVID-19.
Downloads
References
Abdussalam, O. I., Johari, F., & Haji Alias, M. (2015). The Importance of National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) on income improvement and women empowerment: evidence from Kwara State, Nigeria. The Journal of Muamalat and Islamic Finance Research, 12(1), 13-28.
Al-’Umarī, A. D. (2000). Masyarakat Madani di zaman Nabi. The International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Al-Bukhari, M. I. (2012). Sahih al-Bukhari (Jil. 9). Dar al-Ta’sil.
Al-Nasa’i. (n.d.). Sunan al-Nasa’i: Bi-sharh al-hafiz jalal al-din al-suyuti (Jil. 5). Dar al-Kitab al-A’lamiah.
Al-Qaradhawi, Y. (2015). Fatwa kontemporari (hubungan kemasyarakatan) (Jil. 1). PTS Islamika.
Al-Quran al-Karim.
Al-Qurtubi, A. A. M. A. (2006). Al-jami’ li ahkami al-Quran (Jil. 5). Al-Resalah Publishers.
Al-Syatibi, A. I. (2005). Al-muwafaqat (Jil. 2). Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah.
Al-Tirmidhi. (1938). Al-jami’ al-sahih wa-huwa sunan al-Tirmidhi (Jil. 5). Al-Maktabah al-Islamiyyah.
Bernama. (2020a, March 17). Kronologi COVID-19 di Malaysia. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/03/666122/kronologi-covid-19-di-malaysia
Bernama. (2020b, March 23). COVID-19: Maybank sumbang RM4 juta dana pandemik MERCY Malaysia. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/03/668388/covid-19-maybank-sumbang-rm4-juta-dana-pandemik-mercy-malaysia
Briggs, A. (1961). The welfare state in historical perspective. European Journal of Sociology, 2(2), 221-258. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003975600000412
Brilius, P. (2010). Dynamic model of dependencies between economic crisis and corporate social responsibility contribution to sustainable development. Economics and Management, 15(1), 422–29. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.456.6617
Charitoudi, G., Giannarakis, G., & Lazarides, T. G. (2011). Corporate social responsibility performance in periods of financial crisis. European Journal of Scientific Research, 63(3), 447–55. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267985584_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_Performance_in_Periods_of_Financial_Crisis
Che Noh, N. (2020, March 20). COVID-19: Selangor umum Pakej Rangsangan Ekonomi RM127.78 juta. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/03/667125/covid-19-selangor%20umum-pakej-rangsangan-ekonomi-rm12778-juta
Ellis, L., & Bastin, C. (2011). Corporate social responsibility in times of recession: Changing discourses and implications for policy and practice. Corporate Social Responsibility and
Environmental Management, 18(5), 294–305. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.254
Firdaus Wong Wai Hung. (2020). Home [Facebook page]. Facebook. Retrieved June 16, 2020, form https://www.facebook.com/FirdausWongMRM/
Gittell, R., & Tebaldi, E. (2006). Charitable giving: Factors influencing giving in U.S. States. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 35(4), 721–36.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764006289768
Ibn Kathir, A. F. I. (2009a). Tafsir al-Qur’an al-’Azim (Jil. 2). Dar Taibah li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzi’.
Ibn Kathir, A. F. 1. (2009b). Tafsir al-Qur’an al-’Azim (Jil. 1). Dar Taibah li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzi’.
Ibrahim, M. I. (2020, March 24). COVID-19: Etiqa sumbang RM1 juta beli alat bantuan pernafasan. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/03/668779/covid-19-etiqasumbang-rm1-juta-beli-alat-bantuan-pernafasan
International Monetary Fund (IMF). (2020, October 21). COVID-19 financial assistance and debt service relief. https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/imf-and-covid19/covid-Lending-Tracker
Isahak, Z. (2020, March 24). Johor alukan sumbangan tangani krisis COVID-19. Sinar Harian. https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/75291/EDISI/Johor/Johor-alukan-sumbangantangani-krisis-Covid-19
Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). (2020a). Home [Facebook page]. Faceboook. Retrieved June 16, 2020, from https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=3100059363377945&set=a.170209816362929
Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). (2020b, March 30). Majlis penyampaian sumbangan ke Tabung Musaadah. http://www.islam.gov.my/berita-semasa/15-bahagian-dakwah/2381-majlis-penyampaian-sumbangan-ke-tabung-musaadah
Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). (2020c). Home [Facebook page]. Facebook. Retrieved June 16, 2020, from https://www.facebook.com/MyJAKIMmalaysia/posts/3074078575976024
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia (DOSM). (2020a). Laporan survei khas kesan COVID-19 kepada ekonomi dan individu - Pusingan 1. https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cone&menu_id=d3pnMXZ4ZHJjUnpnYjNyUnJhek83dz09
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia (DOSM). (2020b, May 8). Statistik utama tenaga buruh di Malaysia, Mac 2020. https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=124&bul_id=Y3NVdE44azFHbzkyeFlaWGF2ZER6Zz09&menu_id=U3VPMldoYUxzVzFaYmNkWXZteGduZz09
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia (DOSM). (2020c). Laporan survei khas kesan COVID-19 kepada ekonomi dan individu - Pusingan 2. https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cone&menu_id=Skp1WWdzalp0aVZ6MG9jRUdIbXdwUT09
Kamali, M. H., & Kamali, M. H. (1993). Characteristics of the Islamic state. Islamic Studies, 32(1), 17–40. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20840105
Kamis, K., & Abdul Aziz, M. (2020, April 10). Kesihatan rakyat diutama, sumber kewangan negara cukup. Berita Harian Online. https:/www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/04/675375/kesihatan-rakyat-diutama-sumber-k/ewangan-negara-cukup
Kamus Bahasa Melayu. (2005). Pandemik. In Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Retrived June 11, 2020, from prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=pandemik
Kaufman, B. E. (2007). The institutional economics of John R . Commons: Complement and substitute for Neoclassical Economic Theory. Socio-Economic Review, 5(1), 3–45. https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwl016
Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM). (2020a). Home [Facebook page]. Facebook. Retrieved June 12, 2020, from https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=10157125363121237&id=373560576236
Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM). (2020b, June 16). Situasi semasa Pandemik COVID-19 di Malaysia. http://covid-19.moh.gov.my/
Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia. (2020, March 27). Pakej Rangsangan Ekonomi Prihatin Rakyat (PRIHATIN). https://www1.treasury.gov.my/pdf/Booklet-PRIHATIN-BM.pdf
Ketua Pengarah Kesihatan. (2020, June 9). Kenyataan akhbar KPK 9 Jun 2020 – Situasi semasa jangkitan penyakit Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) di Malaysia. https://kpkesihatan.com/2020/06/09/kenyataan-akhbar-kpk-9-jun-2020-situasi-semasa-jangkitan-penyakit-coronavirus-2019-covid-19-di-malaysia/
Khaf, M. (1991). The economic role of state in Islam [Conference presentation]. Seminar on Islamic Economics. Dakka, Bangladesh.
Khel, M. N. K. (1982). Foundation of the Islamic state at Medina and its constitution. Islamic Studies, 21(3), 61–88. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20847209
Lindbeck, A. (2006). The welfare state–background, achievements, problems. IFN Working Paper, 662, 1-20. http://www.ifn.se/Wfiles/wp/wp662.pdf
Lutfi, M. A., & Ismail, M. A. (2016). Sadaqah-based crowdfunding model for microfinancing and health care. The Journal of Muamalat and Islamic Finance Research, 13(2), 31-51.
http://ddms.usim.edu.my:80/jspui/handle/123456789/14853
Majlis Keselamatan Negara (MKN). (n.d.). Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (Movement Control Order). https://www.mkn.gov.my/web/ms/covid-19/
Matsubayashi, T., Sekijima, K., & Ueda, M. (2020). Government spending, recession, and suicide: Evidence from Japan. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1–8. https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12889-020-8264-1
Media Baharu. (2020, May 9). Tabung COVID-19: RM40.2 juta jumlah terkumpul. Berita RTM. https://berita.rtm.gov.my/index.php/nasional/18203-tabung-covid-19-rm40-2-juta-jumlah-terkumpul
Media Prima. (2020, March 23). Media Prima-NSTP Humanitarian Fund appeals for public donations to assist fight against COVID-19 outbreak. https://www.mediaprima.com.my/?p=5902
Mercy Malaysia. (2020, May 30). COVID-19: Strategic preparedness and response plan. mercyfightscovid19.com/
Misrawi, Z. (2009). Madinah: Kota suci, piagam Madinah, dan teladan Muhammad SAW. Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Mohamad, H. F. (2020, May 14). Kadar pengangguran diunjur 5.5 peratus tahun ini. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/bisnes/lain-lain/2020/05/688828/kadar-pengangguran-diunjur-55-peratus-tahun-ini?fbclid=IwAR2EQtO6pJLu-4t-1f-OFP6gmut1bjsZuZkBKtLBt9TdoX0u_kEAIRz7U3I
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020a, March 16). Perutusan khas YAB Perdana Menteri mengenai COVID-19. https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-mengenai-covid-19-16-mac-2020-2/
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020b, March 25). Perutusan khas YAB Perdana Menteri. https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/03/perutusan-khas-yab-perdana-menteri-25-mac-2020-2/
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020c, April 10). Perutusan khas Perdana Menteri. https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/04/perutusan-khas-perdana-menteri-10-april-2020-2/
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020d, April 23). Teks perutusan khas Perdana Menteri. https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/04/teks-perutusan-khas-perdana-menteri-23-april-2020-2/
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020e, Mei 10). Perutusan khas Perdana Menteri. https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/05/perutusan-khas-perdana-menteri-10-mei-2020-2/
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020f, Jun 7). Teks ucapan pelaksanaan Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Pemulihan (PKPP). https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/06/teks-ucapan-pelaksanaan-perintah-kawalan-pergerakan-pemulihan-pkpp-2/
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020g, April 6). Langkah tambahan bagi Pakej Rangsangan Ekonomi Prihatin Rakyat (PRIHATIN). https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/04/langkah-tambahan-bagi-pakej-rangsangan-ekonomi-prihatin-rakyat-prihatin-2/
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020h, June 5). Perutusan khas YAB Perdana Menteri: Pelan Pemulihan Ekonomi Jangka Pendek. https://www.pmo.gov.my/PerutusanKhas050620.php
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020i, June 5). Teks ucapan: Pelan Jana Semula Ekonomi Negara (PENJANA). https://www.pmo.gov.my/2020/06/teks-ucapan-pelan-jana-semula-ekonomi-negara-penjana/
Pejabat Perdana Menteri Malaysia. (2020j, April 3). Perdana Menteri terima RM4.6 juta untuk Tabung COVID-19. https://www.pmo.gov.my/ms/2020/04/perdana-menteri-terima-rm4-6-juta-untuk-tabung-covid-19/
Power, M. (2010). Recessionary times and philanthropy: Establishing the pathway of charitable donations during the Irish economic downturn. Socheolas: Limerick Student Journal of Sociology, 3(1), 38–51. https://ulir.ul.ie/handle/10344/7979
Ramlan, Y. (2020, April 9). Ekonomi makin lemah jika PKP dilanjutkan. Malaysiakini. https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/519608
Shoag, D. (2013). Using state pension shocks to estimate fiscal multipliers since the great recession. American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings, 103(3), 121–24. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.103.3.121
Siddiqi, M. N. (1996). Teaching economics in Islamic perspective (1 ed.). Scientific Publishing Centre.
Snower, D. J. (1993). The future of the welfare state. The Economic Journal, 103(418), 700-717. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2234543?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
Talha, R. (2020). Kajian kes impak perintah kawalan pergerakan kepada penduduk Malaysia. DOSM Newsletter (Siri 17). https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/uploads/files/6_Newsletter/Newsletter%202020/DOSM_BPD_1-2020_Siri-17.pdf
Trevitt, V. (2009). The importance of the welfare state under globalisation. Compass Discussion Paper, 53, 1-4. https://www.compassonline.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/CTP56TrevittWelfare1.pdf
Verick, S. (2009). Who is hit hardest during a financial crisis? The vulnerability of young men and women to unemployment in an economic downturn. IZA Discussion Papper, 4359, 1-35. http://library.bsl.org.au/jspui/bitstream/1/1234/1/227148_Who_is_the_hardest_hit_during_financial_crisis.pdf
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020a, April 27). WHO timeline – COVID-19. https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/27-04-2020-who-timeline---covid-19
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020b, Jun 11). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) dashboard. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019?gclid=CjwKCAjw26H3BRB2EiwAy32zhZwGxccxWMf6t1xlQckb5Ubf1wosm4jHTX7f_0F1NFXB2XNhIWd9RBoCuUIQAvD_BwE
Yayasan Amal Malaysia. (2020, April 4). COVID-19: 10,300 penerima manfaat dari sumbangan amal Malaysia. https://www.amalmalaysia.org.my/2020/04/05/covid-19-penerima-manfaat-dari-sumbangan-amal-malaysia/
Zainuddin, M. Z. (2020, April 9). Sebahagian besar PKS bermasalah jika PKP dipanjangkan. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/bisnes/lain-lain/2020/04/674980/sebahagian-besar-pks-bermasalah-jika-pkp-dipanjangkan
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2020 Nurul Adilah Hasbullah, Asmak Ab Rahman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
